ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: New coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), as well as pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection, continues to spread around the world, but the epidemiological situation is not the same in different countries. AIM: The aim of the study was to analyze the epidemiological situation of coronavirus infection and pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective epidemiological analysis of the incidence of coronavirus infection and pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the republic according to official statistical reporting, as well as a statistical analysis of discharge records of patients diagnosed with coronavirus infection (no virus identified) in a small town of Karaganda region was carried out. RESULTS: An increase in cases, sick persons, recovered persons, and lethal cases in population with positive PCR for COVID-19, as well as pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan was registered for the period from January 8, 2020, to December 31, 2021. The number of cases of coronavirus increased in 10.93 times those who recovered – in 15.78 times and deaths – in 16.4 times, respectively. The increase in the number of cases of pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection also increased in 16.24 time, the number of those who recovered at the beginning of the observation was not established, by the end the number of recovered was 76,989 people, the number of deaths increased in 173.83 time. CONCLUSION: An analysis of the discharge records of patients with pneumonia with signs of coronavirus infection revealed that 54.2% of the patients were females and 45.8% were males. The disease was registered in 21.8% of patients older than 60 years in the presence of concomitant diseases. Concomitant diseases were represented in 42% by arterial hypertension, in 26% by ischemic heart disease, and in 14% by pyelonephritis. The same percentage of cases (12%) was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and iron deficiency anemia, 11% – diabetes mellitus. Among all patients, 69.4% were urban residents and 30.6% were rural areas.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The relevance of the study of skin fungal diseases is due to their wide prevalence. Dermatomycosis affects more than 40% of the world’s population, while onychomycosis (tinea unguium), representing a global health problem, is about 18–40%. AIM: Assessment of the epidemiological situation on dermatomycosis incidence during the pandemic of coronavirus infection in the Karaganda region. MATERIALS AND RESEARCH METHODS: The study used statistical data for the period 2009-2020. RESULTS: Analysis of the long-term dynamics of dermatomycosis incidence for the period 2009-2020 revealed the uneven course of the epidemic process in the Karaganda region. The overall abundance of fungi that cause dermatomycosis prevails among the male population. The analysis of data by age showed that most often the incidence was registered among persons under the age of 35. Dermatomycosis was more often detected in adolescents and children under the age of 14 compared to adults. An analysis of risk factors for dermatomycosis development in the population showed that the incidence associated with fungal infection in 59.2% of cases was due to contact with animals. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of severe forms of dermatomycosis was in 1.4 times higher among the urban population than among rural residents. Men suffer from dermatomycosis 1.64 times more often than women. The factors influencing the spread of infectious dermatoses were noted. These were the climatic features of the central region of the republic, which contribute to the accumulation of the pathogen in the foci of infection, as well as untimely seeking medical help, self-treatment, low awareness of this pathology, in particular, and preventive measures.